Hardness Testing free essay sample

Designing Materials 1 Title: Objective: Hardness and Impact Tests of Steels To comprehend the mechanical properties of a metal (steel) especially the connection among hardness and effect Equipments: Rockwell Hardness analyzer and Chirpy Impact analyzer Samples: 1 . Check plate around 0. 9%C As provided (toughened): AS Water extinguished: WAG Oil extinguished: CO Water extinguished + tempered: WAG + T Oil extinguished + tempered: CO + T 2. Key steel around 0. 4%C As provided (strengthened): AS Water extinguished: WAG Procedures: Tests have been heat rewarded utilizing the accompanying conditions: Systematizing at about COCO for 30 minutes, trailed by water extinguish or oil extinguish. A few examples are then tempered at COCO for 1. Ok and permitted to cool in still air. The examples are ground/cleaned to evacuate the scales/oxide before hardness and effect tests. Results and Observation: Compare the hardness results with the effect esteems. Report (most extreme 4 pages): Background Theory Procedures Results Discussion (see next page) Conclusion Make significant remarks about the trial and the information guaranteeing that you answer the accompanying in your remarks: 1. We will compose a custom paper test on Hardness Testing or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The connection between heat treatment and strength and hardness I. E. Quickly clarify why the diverse warmth medicines give distinctive durability and hardness esteems. What do you believe is the distinction among hardness and durability? Clarify the general connection among hardness and strength. 2. Relate the watched break surfaces of the examples to the Chirpy Impact results and as far as fragile or flexible cracks. Report due: Friday, 6 Seep 2013 by 4 pm (drop box WAS Bldg Level 3)

The Comparison Of Diets Of Owl Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper Contrasting the Feeding Habits of Barn Owls and Screech Owls Foundation Owls are included two firmly related family units in the avian request Strigiformes-the animal dwellingplace winged creature of Minerva, or Tytonidae, and the run of the mill fledgling of Minerva, or Strigidae. Owls are relatively huge winged creatures, with a huge caput and short cervix, a hooked snout, claws adjusted to prehend quarry, and delicate, substantial quill adjusted for Swift yet about soundless flight. Owls have large eyes situated on the forepart of their face. The eyes are about fixed in their attachments, with the goal that the full caput must be pivoted or bounced for the respect to be moved and for separation to be evaluated. Owls have top notch hearing and huge ears, in spite of the fact that these are secured by crest and are non promptly observed. The ears are set unsymmetrically on the caput to help with watching the area of far off, about soundless quarry. Their feeling of hearing is likely next to supported by their facial plate, which assists with concentrating sound moving edges onto the ears. We will compose a custom article test on The Comparison Of Diets Of Owl Essay or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page A flying creature of Minerva # 8217 ; s feeling of hearing is intense to such an extent that it can precisely strike its quarry in whole murkiness, following the squeaks and stirring sounds made by a little warm blooded creature in motion. The sex of a feathered creature of Minerva is non simple to isolate, albeit ordinarily, female flying creature of Minerva are bigger than guys. Owls Begin to hatch their eggs as they are laid. When bring forth happens it is back to back, and diverse measured youthful are in the home at a similar clasp. During mature ages when quarry is similarly copious, the entirety of the juvenile will hold bounty to eat and may last. In more slender mature ages, by the by, simply the biggest youthful might be taken care of satisfactorily. ( Egan, T. ( 1994 ) . Oregon, Foiling Forecasters, Thrives as it ensures owls. New York Times, October 11, pg A1, A19 ) Most fledgling of Minervas are nighttime raiders, to a great extent benefiting from little warm blooded creatures and flying creatures, and some of the time on little reptilians, frogs, bigger bugs, and angleworms. A couple of particular fowl of Minervas feed on fish. Owls are known to change their supplement affinity, contingent upon neighborhood or occasional handiness. Most owls do non digest the pelt, crest, or castanetss of their quarry, and they spew these focuses as pellets, which can be gathered at perches and analyzed to larn about the eating wonts of these winged animals. Outbuilding feathered creature of Minerva The outbuilding feathered creature of Minerva are a particular looking gathering, with a trademark like facial circle of firm, white tufts, dim eyes, long legs that different them from common flying creature of Minerva. All animal dwellingplace winged creature of Minervas are nighttime raiders, and their quarry comprises to a great extent of little vertebrates. There are nine types of horse shelter winged creature of Minerva ( family Tyto ) and two types of firmly related grass fledgling of Minerva ( sort Phodilus ) . The most natural species is the horse shelter flying creature of Minerva ( Tyto alba ) . The animal dwellingplace winged creature of Minerva is one of the most broadly circulated types of feathered creatures, occurring on all landmasses with the exception of Antarctica. The animal dwellingplace flying creature of Minerva is the solitary delegate of this family in the Americas, happening exceptionally through the vast majority of the United States and in quite a bit of Central and South America. The outbuilding fledgling of Minerva settles in pits in trees and in stables and relinquished buildings, and it chases at sundown and at dull over fens, prairies, Fieldss, and yards. Shriek Owl The shriek owl ( Otus kennicotti ) is a similarly recognizable animal varieties in woods of mild parts. This 8.5 # 8243 ; ( 22 centimeter ) long species happens in a few shading stages dim, bronzed, and earthy colored and it settles in pits and at times nestboxes. Owl Pellets The mean owl pellet contains castanetss and other non-edible focuses, for example, hair and crest. After the flying creature has eaten its quarry ; the quarry is processed into the ventriculus where crushing happens. In the wake of crunching the winged creature # 8217 ; s ventriculus makes a chunk of the inedible stuff, is ousted by oral cavity. A mean flying creature of Minerva can deliver a standard of one to two pellets a twenty-four hours. John Day, Oregon The John Day nation is viewed as a semi-parched desert part. John Day, Oregon is situated at Latitude 44.418427 and Longitude - 118.949399, which is 125 detail mis south of Pendleton, Oregon in Eastern Oregon. A desert is a waterless land nation, one that loses more H2O through vaporization, than it augmentations through precipitation-downpour, hail, or day off. These nations all things considered get less than 10 in ( 250 millimeter ) of H2O yearly. Normal one-year precipitation in the universes comeuppances scopes from about 0.4-1 in ( 10-25 millimeter ) in the driest nations to 10 in ( 250 millimeter ) in semiarid parts. The term desert can other than be characterized by looking at the sun powered vitality a nation gets with the its one-year precipitation Desert enliven creatures The many enliven creatures that have adjusted to brutal desert life incorporate creepy crawlies, arachnoids, reptilians, fowls, and warm blooded creatures. Not at all like workss, these energize creatures can look for cover from the burning Sun, terminating cold, and solid air flows by crawling into subterranean passages. Reptiles, whose natural structure temperature is constrained by the temperature of their condition, travel among daylight and obscurity to stay cool. Feathered creatures, use metabolic H2O, conduct variants, dynamic at twenty-four hours or cool pieces of the twenty-four hours, might be versatile and they may move during the harsher seasons. Only as the seeds of desert annuals can stay resting for decennaries, so can those of egg-laying desert energize creatures. Creatures of land and water and freshwater half-pint incubate, develop, mate, and put their ain eggs fast arrangement in desert pools made by rare tempests. Some little warm blooded animals, for example, gnawers, discharge simply focused pee and dry fecal issues, and sweat little as a way of rationing natural structure liquids. Desert bugs shield themselves from hot dry conditions with a waxy covering, long legs that keep up them raised over the hot land, and for all intents and purposes moistureless ends. ( Watkins, T.H. ( 1995 ) . Desert Extraordinare. Audubon 97: 44-54. ) My request is the means by which make the Western Screech-owls and the Barn-owls slims down look at. Both unrecorded in John Day part of Eastern Oregon, which make a similar arrangement and aggregate of quarry accessible to both of the winged creature of Minerva. I theory that their eating regimen will be extremely comparative if non the equivalent because of a similar combination of quarry that live in John Day Oregon. Both of the winged creature of Minervas have comparative eating wonts that incorporate quarries like Vole, mice, flying creatures and incidental snakes. I will think about a review done by Hancock Field Station in John Day Oregon on the kinds of supplement that the Barn-owl chows in adjustment to what they find in the flying creature of Minerva pellets stanzas what I find in five Western Screech-owl pellets. At the point when I took a gander at the castanetss in the five distinctive Screech flying creature of Minerva pellets, I had the option to perceive what kind of invigorate creatures they were from and consequently use these outcomes against the results of the Barn owl demonstrate done at Hancock Field Station. Looking at these two arrangements of informations will help me answer my request of how the weight control plans of Screech feathered creature of Minerva and Barn owls analyze. Materials and Methods To occur out how the Barn flying creature of Minerva and the Western Screech-owl # 8217 ; s consumes less calories contrast I gathered owl pellets with occur out what the winged animal of Minerva are eating. I found Western Screech-owl pellets, yet was non ready to get any Barn winged animal of Minerva pellets from Eastern Oregon. In stead of Barn owl pellets, I found a review done by the Hancock Field station in John Day refering the eating wonts of Barn owls. I so gathered five Screech winged creature of Minerva pellets to dismember. At the point when I wrap up the Western Screech-owl pellets I will ideally have the option to occur out the mean eating routine of a Western Screech-owl. To occur out what the feathered creature of Minerva # 8217 ; diet using the fledgling of Minerva pellet, the pellet must be dismembered and the distinctive castanetss and skulls analyzed. I utilized a dental decision and a support of pliers to isolate the hair and tufts from the castanetss and skulls. When all castanetss were isolated from the hair, I recognized vitalize creatures by using size of bone, shade of dentitions, size of skull, and what kind of stuff encompasses the castanetss ( for example hair or crest. ) Once the castanetss were recognized I figured out what sort of vivify being. Utilizing this strategy on every one of the five Western Screech-owl pellets I had the option to gain an indicant of what the Western Screech-owl # 8217 ; s. Outcomes The outcomes I got were like the results the Hancock Field Station found on their examination with Barn winged animal of Minerva. At the point when my study of the winged creature of Minerva pellets was finished I had two pellets that were mice, two pellets that were Vole and one pellet which was of a fledgling. At the point when I contemplated the remaining parts of the winged creature of Minerva in the pellets I distinguished all the castanetss that were available and concocted a choice. In pellet one I expelled the adherents: Number of Bones Type of Bones 1 Skull /gt ; 2 Pelvis Boness 2 Tibia with Fibula 2 Humerus 5 Lumbar Vertebrae 3 Thoracic Vertebrae 2 Cervical Vertebrae 6 Ribs 1 Xiphisternum A way you can express this vitalize being is a gnawer is by the enliven being # 8217 ; s teeth being orange. Orange teeth are distant from everyone else to gnawers and gnawers simply. This vitalize being other than had a littler thirster and stouter skull, which precluded Moles, Shrews and Voles. In pellet two I expelled the adherents: Number of Bones Type of Bones 1 Skull 1 Tibula with Fibula and Femer 2 Pelvis Bone

Outbox April 27, 2018

Inbox/Outbox April 27, 2018 Ive been really overwhelmed with LIFE STUFF lately. My family and I just moved into a new house, which is a great thing but also a little stressful. Its nearing the end of the school year, which means lots of pressure for me and my students, some of whom are taking the AP test in a few days and others who are turning in final essays for college credit. My baby boy is also about to be a year old and Im freaking out a little. With all of that going on, Ive been surprised to find my reading life richer than ever. I think as the stress increases, I deal by retreating into one book or another each night. Heres my inbox/outbox for the week: what Im reading currently,  what Ive just finished, and what I plan to read next. Inbox (Books Acquired) Bird Box by Josh Malerman I mentioned earlier that we just moved, and Im so excited that our new house is a two-minute walk to the local library! I took my son for a walk earlier this week and picked up Bird Box after reading Katies  5 Books If You Liked A Quiet Place. I loved the creep factor of A Quiet Place, and after reading the premise for Bird Box  I knew I had to pick it up. Its about a mother and her children trying to survive in a world where no one can look outside. If they do, they know theyll meet the same fate as others: a mysterious presence will make them kill others and themselves. It sounds so good and I cant wait to be totally creeped out! Crazy Rich  Asians by Kevin Kwan Ok, yes, I am one of the ten people on earth who hasnt read this book! Ive heard such great things about it, but for some reason I just never got around to reading it. After seeing the bananas-good movie trailer, however, I couldnt wait any longer to dig into Kevin Kwans romantic, decadent series. In related news, Constance Wu is perfect. Outbox (Books Finished) Unmasked by the Marquess by Cat Sebastian I often hear the (unfounded) complaint that would never happen about historical romance novels when they involve people of color or non-binary folks. Cat Sebastian is here to challenge that idea. Sebastians forthcoming novel is about a housemaid formerly named Charity Church who has been posing as a man for six years in order to help her friend marry well and keep her house. (Theres a more complicated backstory there, but Ill let you read it for yourself.) Robert (née Charity) meets Alistair, Marquess of Pembroke in London and starts up a romance with him. I was a little worried this would end like a Shakespeare play, where the woman masquerading as a man only gets to have a happy ending when she goes back to wearing dresses. Im happy to say that Sebastian delivers a happily ever after for these characters in every way possible. In the Queue (Whats Next) Exit West by Mohsin Homid Back when this got shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize, I meant to read it. However, at the time I wasnt in the mood for a book like this. As I was browsing through a book store the other day, waiting for a friend, Exit West jumped out at me. Im really in the mood for a magical realism, love in the face of war novel right now. A Duke by Default by Alyssa Cole   I was lucky enough to get my hands on an advance copy of the next installment in Coles Reluctant Royals series and Im so excited to start it! I loved A Princess in Theory and was hoping Cole would give Portia her own love story. (A Duke by Default comes out July 31, 2018.) What books are in your inbox/outbox this week?

The Life and Work of Carl Warren - 1400 Words

Carl Warren was appointed the 14th Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court in 1953. Warren was appointed to take the place of the current Chief Justice Fred Vinson who died suddenly of a heart attack. So, Warren immediately began his term in the Supreme Court and did not get Senate approval with March 1, 1954 on a simple voice vote of the full Senate without any of the typical confirmation hearings by the Senate Judiciary Committee, This approval process was very noncontroversial and without any of the detailed reviews that a Supreme Court appointment would typically face.4 Warren became a very controversial Supreme Court Justice after the Senate did little to review how he might act as a Supreme Court Justice. This may have changed how much review future Supreme Court appointments would get from the Senate. Carl Warren was an average student in college with no experience as a judge before he became a very active leader of the Supreme Court, making many controversial decisions for the times. His leadership and decisions still impact our lives today. He was appointed by President Eisenhower mostly because Eisenhower thought Warren was a middle of the road Republican (like Eisenhower) and because Warren was a Catholic Eisenhower wanted to appeal to the Northeastern USA catholic voters. Also, during the Republican Party presidential nominating convention of 1952, Warren, then the Governor of California and a potential rival to Eisenhower for the office of President ofShow MoreRelatedWho Is An Antisocial Personality Disorder?1459 Words   |  6 Pagesthe character of Roger in the film, Window of Opportunity written and directed by Samuel Warren Joseph and compare him to the politicians Chris Christie and Mitt Romney. 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I will show that an embryo is a potential person thus it has the right to life. Is an embryo a person? If the â€Å"person† means, inRead MoreAbortion: Is it Possible to be both Pro-life and Pro-Choice? Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan845 Words   |  4 PagesIn this paper, I will investigate the right to life for embryo based on Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan’s article â€Å"Abortion: Is it Possible to be both â€Å"Pro-life† and â€Å"Pro-Choice†?† My conclusion is an embryo is a potential person thus it has the right to life. Sagan and Druyan argue that embryo does not have human characteristics; therefore it is acceptable to abort it. I will show that embryo is at least a potential person, so it has the right to life. First, I want to convince embryo may not be a personRead MoreWhat Are The 6 Practices That Will Help You Find Your Business Idea857 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican hedge fund manager, entrepreneur, and podcaster. 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Policies And Impacts In Public Health - 812 Words

Policies and Impacts The health disparities among lesbian, gay and bisexuals (LGB) in comparison to heterosexuals has been widely recognized in the literature. There are variations in health outcomes within the LGB community by gender, age, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, among other sociodemographic factors (please see, Agà ©nor, Muzny, Schick, Austin, Potter, 2017). The impact of discriminatory policies in exacerbating these disparities is a growing area of interest among social policy and public health researchers (Fish, 2008). Given the pervasiveness of these disparities, this paper explores the impact of policies on health outcomes among Black sexual minority women (SMW) within a historical context. An elucidation of the†¦show more content†¦Black SMW utilize a variety of social labels for self-identification. For instance, although the term lesbian and bisexual is utilized most frequently in the literature, Black women utilize a variety of labels other than lesbian, such as â⠂¬Å"same-gender loving† or â€Å"stud†, to express their sexual orientation (Ramsey, Hill, Kellam, 2010). Similarly, â€Å"Black† and â€Å"African American† are often used interchangeably to designate people of African descent. The term Black is a racial classification, whereas African-American is seen as referring to Americans descended from slaves forcibly brought to the United States (US) from Africa (Martin, 1991; Mio, Barker, Tumambing, 2012). It has been noted that the term â€Å"Black† is used more often by the Black community in the US (Goodwin, 1990); however, the terms â€Å"Black† or â€Å"African American† compete on a near equal footing as the preferred term among Americans of distant African ancestry (Sigelman, Tuch, Martin, 2005). As such, the term Black will be utilized for the purpose of this paper. Before the Affordable Care Act Exploiting Black Bodies in Advancing Medicine, Pre-Civil War. Historically, the social, legal and religious mistreatment of racial and sexual minorities, amongst others, has been well-documented, and persists across the world today. During the years of slavery, Black slaves were often subjected to excruciating medical experiments. Most famously,Show MoreRelatedObesity : A Social And Economic Impact On Public Health Policy Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pagesdefined as the excessive body fat accumulation that negatively impacts adult health conditions. Overweight and obese BMI is between 25 and 30 and 30. In 2010, obesity is a major public health issue that affects one million overweight adults and 400 million obese worldwide. 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Narrative 3 Paragraph Essay Samples - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesnt

Narrative 3 Paragraph Essay Samples - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesn't Several support paragraphs usually do the job with each other to explain the principal thought of a story, an essay, or a section of a company or technical report. It is crucial to take a rest from your writing as soon as you have finished the work. The next thing to do is to create a thesis statement. With a bit of practice and revision, you ought to be able to receive the procedure down in virtually no time. What Narrative 3 Paragraph Essay Samples Is - and What it Is Not Each body paragraph starts with a topic sentence. The next thing to do is to make an outline listing the facts of the discussion of each paragraph. Personal essay conclusion is the last few sentences (or up to ten sentences) that gives you a review of the writer's points carried out to claim the last opinion on the subject. In the end, you wish to incorporate a thesis statement. A thesis may also be employed to point out the topic of each body paragraph. While the narrative is among the absolute most helpful types of writing for an essay, it may also be difficult. Even with the very first impression, a narrative essay isn't the simplest of all assignments. It is similar to a simple five-paragraph essay, in that it has the same format. In contrast, it ends when the readers are fully satisfied. The essay needs to have an appropriate point. In the end, your essay is going to be evaluated on the information which you present, not on the variety of paragraphs in the essay. Narrative essays are frequently the norm in academia. The three-paragraph essay isn't an exception. If you're writing a 3-4 paragraph essay, your thesis ought to be among the initial 3 sentences. For a lengthier essay, you desire a thesis statement that is more versatile. Therefore, the thesis establishes the crucial foundation for your essay. Your thesis is the very first thing that you ought to consider in your essay. A narrative essay is regarded to be among the most popular kinds of tasks that students get all too often. It's apparent that sexual education is totally important to the public-school curriculum. A student might wind up with the sentence resulting in the next point, but don't enter the information. Some students utilize the very first idea which arrives in their head and work on it, but the outcome isn't successful. The research will reveal to you exactly how many angles you need to look at, and it's going enable you to find information that both supports and contradicts your perspective. Generally, such papers are made in a suitable chronological order to be able to prevent confusion and permit everybody who reads it to adhere to the author's thoughts easily and with interest. Just as there are various forms of essays, there are various kinds of thesis statements. Narrative essays serve wide range of purposes. The Demise of Narrative 3 Paragraph Essay Samples Obviously, narrative paragraphs are employed in fiction for a writer describes the unfolding of events, but they're also found when describing any true sequence of activity. The details which you have provided should present your reader enough information which they can form an entire picture. All the details relate to the principal point the writer is trying to make. From its name, you might guess you need to have a crystal clear picture of a particular thing as a way to supply your reader with a very clear and concise explanation.

Leadership Learning and Development for Leadership - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Learning and Development for Leadership. Answer: Introduction The aim of the current assignment is to define the theories and models that are related to the leadership of an organization. The key issues related to providing leadership are also provided within the assignment work. The corporate strategies that are developed within an organization depend on the styles and the impact of the leadership that are being implemented within an organization. Finally, the different types of leadership models are compared on the basis of the various approaches that are being used. All aspects of the leadership are being discussed by critically evaluating the statement that are cited by Goldstein (1993:181) and Saddler Smith (2006:375). Leadership models related to the organizational needs The citation that are provided within the article of Goldstein and Saddler Smith, describes the importance of effective information collection that are the part of leadership. This can also have a major impact on the role of the leadership. The decisions that are taken by the leaders will depend on the type of leadership and also the models of leadership that are being followed (Nevarez et al., 2013). The idea of leadership development is defined as any of the program activity that is aimed to improve upon the quality of leadership among the managers of an organization. There can be example of effective leadership communication as one of the major parts of the leadership development program. It also plays a major part in the capacity and character development of the leaders and improves upon their organizational roles. With the help of the elements of the high performance leadership model, it is possible to merge the ideas of the leadership research and also use different perspectives of the leadership. The individual level of the knowledge related to the leadership skills can also be improved with the help of the interpersonal skills. The dynamic characters of the leaders will help to deal with most of the challenges and improve upon their individual level of relationship with the followers. It is important for every business organizations to implement the model of leadership depending upon the organizational goals. The learning and development model needs to be implemented that will help in the collection of relevant information. The activities of LD are important in the context that it will help the leaders to collect the necessary data within the organization. According to Parris and Peachey (2013), it is important to implement the primary source of learning that is one of the major sources of information for the leaders. The leadership model will help the managers within an organization to deal with individual level of strengths and weaknesses. It is important for the leaders to develop their own style that depends on the organizational situations and also will have the ability to address the issues. From the citation of Goldstein and Saddler Smith, it is important to ensure that most of the important leaders within the organization will be able to deal with the changes in the style of leadership that is needed to deal with the new challenges within the organization. Avolio and Walumbwa (2014), have proposed that it is important for the leaders to diagnose the issues that are being faced by the followers. Hence, they will have to change the purpose of their leadership style, which is believed to be the basis of the transformational style of leadership. The leaders will have the ability to learn from their followers and thereby able to deal change with the style of communication. In another model of leadership that is proposed by Grandy and Sliwa (2017), it is important for the leaders to make use of the cognitive approach that is believed to widen the approach of the leaders thinking ability and also allow them to deal with high level of intelligence and creativity. The emotional attributes will help in the development of the leaders of the organization. Thus, from different styles of leadership model, it can be concluded that it is important for the leaders to change their styles according to situations and according to the condition of their followers. It is also important for them to have the ability to deal with the dynamic nature that can help them to reflect upon the changes. Key issues influencing the leadership learning and development Leadership is regarded as one of the most important aspects of Management practice within an organization. All the major issues within the organization can be resolved with the help of proper leadership style. In the contemporary world leaders across different organization has to encounter with various challenges. It can be also said in the contacts that due to the various challenges and difficulties encountered by the details, it is possible for them to shape of the characters. According to Northouse (2015), the leaders often faces difficulties while providing inspiration hey motivation and motivation to the workers. Hence, often they have to find alternative ways to deal with motivation factors among the workers. It is important in the context that it is important for the leaders to have the ability to adopt the most of the situations that may eventually end up being one of the most sophisticated situations within an organization. It is important for the learning leaders to deal with the team-working capability of the individual workers. One of the most important issues in this case is due to the fact that the leaders can also act as one of the major barrier to the learning ability. It is possible for the learning leaders to incorporate new learning ability. The leaders can have the ability to act as the facilitators that can help them to incorporate the common language of communication. It is also important to deal with the learning issues that can help the workers to better interact with most of the leaders. Retention of the world employees is also one of the major challenges that are encountered why most of the leaders. Hence, it is important for them to promote the work of every employee in order to ensure that they get all forms of benefit and timely promotion within their workplace. The team leading capability is also one of the major features that have to be incorporated within the leaders. In this case few of the specific challenge includes, improving the coordination among the team members and also appoint task to every workers according to their capability. It is also the duty of the leaders, to manage the crisis of internal stakeholders. This will help most of the workers to deal with the changes that occur within the organizational level (Van Wart, 2014). The citations that are provided within the article of Goldstein and Saddler Smith have focused upon the importance of the judgmental values of the leadership. Hence, with better capability of judgment, it is possible for the leaders highlight upon the issues that encountered within the organization. Impact of leadership on learning and corporate strategy that can help to secure competitive advantage It is important to know the different style of leadership of the contemporary world can have different impact on the overall organizational performance. Transformational leadership has direct impact on the subordinate workers. Learning ability of individual workers can also be affected due to the quality of leadership. Hence it is important to happy apply a perfect learning and developmental model that can help to improve the overall performance and positive impact of the leadership styles. It is the duty of the individual leaders to deal with most advanced level of the learning methods that can be done with the help of the new information that is needed in the advanced level of learning. The leadership styles will be able to generate the ability of the workers to deal with the excess pressure within the workplace. The contribution and the impact of the leaders can be divided on the basis of the three dimensions. This includes establishment of the culture with the help of the break down barriers and also frame breaking moves that can help to deal with the communication barriers. The practice of the supporting culture can also help in the autonomous that will help to improve upon the practice within the organization. The knowledge of the insights related to the persistent of the knowledge is also one of the major dimensions that can help to deal with the future opportunities within the organization. Type of impact of leadership depends upon the organizational structure and also the ability of the leaders to communicate with the workers. In Laissez-faire style of leadership, it is possible for the workers to communicate and directly a0pproach the leaders. Hence, it is possible to have direct impact of the leadership on the performance of the workers (Cornelissen Cornelissen, 2017). The overall vision and objective of the company can also be affected due to the style of leadership. In the current world of tough level of competition, the leadership strategies will have direct impact on the competitive advantage of business. Effective leadership can improve the organization of performance that in turn can help to improve the market share a company. Ross and Blachman (2015), have focused upon the fact that the styles of leadership will have direct impact on the business performance and also the level of profit earned. With high level of motivation provided by the leaders, it is possible for the workers to provide their full working capability within the workplace. Good leadership can also improve upon the communication skills of the workers. Hence, overall the corporate strategy of an organization is entirely dependent upon the style of leadership and also their impact on the organizational goals for long-term. Comparison of the theoretical approaches of leadership It is only with the help of leadership styles that it is possible to unite the workers within an organization. The overall behavior of the employees and also their working capability can be influenced with the help of different type of leadership styles. The transformational leadership style as discussed in the earlier section has the ability influence the workers depending upon different situations. On the other hand, there is also the autocratic style of leadership, where the workers do not get the opportunity to raise the issues that are encountered within the workplace. There is also the behavioral theory of leadership, where the leaders are able to change their behavior depending upon it the type of workers and also there working capability. Unlike to autocratic style of leadership, the behavioral theory of leadership encourages the workers to communicate with their leaders and also raise all the issues that are encountered within the workplace. This is also in contrast with the trait Theory of leadership, where the personal trait and behavior of the leaders plays the most important role in deciding upon the policies within the organization (Nevarez et al., 2013). Hence, it can be said that different theories of leadership have different impact on the overall organizational performance and also behavior of individual workers. It is important for every organization to analyze the situation and imply the best kind of leadership in order to get maximum benefit from the situation. Kirkpatricks four level of training can be applied in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the training of leadership model that has been applied in each of the given cases. With the help of most of the four levels within the training methods, it is possible to deal with the impact of the workers that they have with the leadership skills. The reaction of the training is regarded as the very first step within the given instruction. In this context, it is important to measure the reaction of the individuals. In the next step, it is important for the workers to measure the level of learning that can only be achieved with the help of the learning instructions and also with the help of the training sessions. The behavior of the trainer also plays one of the most important parts within the knowledge gained. It is important to note the change in behavior within of the workers towards their leaders. At the final steps, it is important to evaluate the results that can help them to deal with the final outcomes of the training. The outcomes need to be judged on the basis of the bottom line of the employees and also on the organizational performance. Conclusion Leadership is one of the key elements of Management within an organization. Hence, it is important to implement the correct Theory of leadership in order to gain maximum benefit from the situation. The citation that is provided within the article of Goldstein and Saddler Smith has focused upon the importance of information collection that is an important to decide upon the style of leadership. In the context of the modern days, it is important to make use of the theories of leadership that will help in the overall business process. Reference Avolio, B. J., Walumbwa, F. O. (2014). 16 Authentic Leadership Theory, Research and Practice: Steps Taken and Steps that Remain. The Oxford handbook of leadership and organizations, 331. Cornelissen, J., Cornelissen, J. P. (2017). Corporate communication: A guide to theory and practice. Sage. Grandy, G., Sliwa, M. (2017). Contemplative leadership: The possibilities for the ethics of leadership theory and practice. Journal of Business Ethics, 143(3), 423-440. Nevarez, C., Wood, J. L., Penrose, R. (2013). Leadership theory and the community college: Applying theory to practice. Stylus Publishing, LLC.. Northouse, P. G. (2015). Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Parris, D. L., Peachey, J. W. (2013). A systematic literature review of servant leadership theory in organizational contexts. Journal of business ethics, 113(3), 377-393. Ross, A. C., Blachman, M. J. (2015). An authoritative review of the major frameworks assessing leadership theory and practice. Van Wart, M. (2014). Dynamics of leadership in public service: Theory and practice. Routledge.

Basic Guide to Creating Arrays in Ruby

Basic Guide to Creating Arrays in Ruby Storing variables within variables is a common thing in Ruby and is often referred to as a data structure. There are many varieties of data structures, the most simple of which is the array. Programs often have to manage collections of variables. For example, a program that manages your calendar must have a list of the days of the week. Each day must be stored in a variable, and a list of them can be stored together in an array variable. Through that one array variable, you can access each of the days. Creating Empty Arrays You can create an empty array by creating a new Array object and storing it in a variable. This array will be empty; you must fill it with other variables to use it. This is a common way to create variables if you were to read a list of things from the keyboard or from a file. In the following example program, an empty array is created using the array command and the assignment operator. Three strings  (ordered sequences of characters) are read from the keyboard and pushed, or added to the end, of the array. #!/usr/bin/env rubyarray Array.new3.times dostr gets.chomparray.push strend Use an Array Literal to Store Known Information Another use of arrays is to store a list of things you already know when you write the program, such as the days of the week. To store the days of the week in an array, you could create an empty array and append them one by one to the array as in the previous example, but there is an easier way. You can use an array literal. In programming, a literal is a type of variable thats built into the language itself and has a special syntax to create it. For example, 3 is a numeric literal and Ruby is a string literal. An array literal is a list of variables enclosed in square brackets and separated by commas, like [ 1, 2, 3 ]. Note that any type of variables can be stored in an array, including variables of different types in the same array. The following example program creates an array containing the days of the week and prints them out. An array literal is used, and the each loop is used to print them. Note that each is not built into the Ruby language, rather its a function of the array variable. #!/usr/bin/env rubydays [ Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday,Sunday]days.each do|d|puts dend Use the Index Operator to Access Individual Variables Beyond simple looping over an arrayexamining each individual variable in orderyou can also access individual variables from an array using the index operator. The index operator will take a number and retrieve a variable from the array whose position in the array matches that number. Index numbers start at zero, so the first variable in an array has an index of zero. So, for example, to retrieve the first variable from an array you can use array[0], and to retrieve the second you can use array[1]. In the following example, a list of names are stored in an array and are retrieved and printed using the index operator. The index operator can also be combined with the assignment operator to change the value of a variable in an array. #!/usr/bin/env rubynames [ Bob, Jim,Joe, Susan ]puts names[0] # Bobputs names[2] # Joe# Change Jim to Billynames[1] Billy

Comparison And Contrast Essay

Two Old School Friends Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† shows how two good school friends who haven’t seen each other in many years have led totally different lives. Nora is married, has three children and everything she wants or needs. Her husband Torvald treats her like a doll, indulging her every whim and calling her pet names, such as â€Å"singing lark†, â€Å"little squirrel† and â€Å"little spendthrift†. He pats her on the head much as one would a small child. Nora is sensible and completely unaware of her own worth until the last act of the play. In contrast, Mrs. Linde is a widow who married her husband for money and has no children. Since her husbands death she has had to work to take care of her sickly mother and two small brothers. Her mother has since died and her brothers are grown up and have made good lives for themselves. Mrs. Linde now has only herself to take care of. The play also shows how Mrs. Linde has matured and Nora has not. Nora initially appears flighty and excitable, her main concern seems to be charming her husband and being the perfect wife. It is Christmas eve and she is excited about showing Torvald what she has bought for gifts and decorating the Christmas tree. Mrs. Linde, on the other hand, has arrived in town looking for a job (and Mr. Krogstad) and makes no mention of Christmas. She and Nora reminisce about their days as school girls and she is very interested when she hears he news that Torvald is going to be the manager of a bank, hoping that he will give her a position there. Nora is secretive and hides her thoughts and actions from her husband even when there is no real benefit in doing so. Deception appears to be almost a habit for her, as she hides the fact that she is eating macaroons, which Torvald has forbidden her to do. Nora’s biggest secret, that she has borrowed money, in the name of love, is the hardest to keep hidden. In contrast, Mrs. Linde meets with... Comparison And Contrast Essay Free Essays on Two Old School Friends/A Doll\'s House/Comparison And Contrast Essay Two Old School Friends Henrik Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† shows how two good school friends who haven’t seen each other in many years have led totally different lives. Nora is married, has three children and everything she wants or needs. Her husband Torvald treats her like a doll, indulging her every whim and calling her pet names, such as â€Å"singing lark†, â€Å"little squirrel† and â€Å"little spendthrift†. He pats her on the head much as one would a small child. Nora is sensible and completely unaware of her own worth until the last act of the play. In contrast, Mrs. Linde is a widow who married her husband for money and has no children. Since her husbands death she has had to work to take care of her sickly mother and two small brothers. Her mother has since died and her brothers are grown up and have made good lives for themselves. Mrs. Linde now has only herself to take care of. The play also shows how Mrs. Linde has matured and Nora has not. Nora initially appears flighty and excitable, her main concern seems to be charming her husband and being the perfect wife. It is Christmas eve and she is excited about showing Torvald what she has bought for gifts and decorating the Christmas tree. Mrs. Linde, on the other hand, has arrived in town looking for a job (and Mr. Krogstad) and makes no mention of Christmas. She and Nora reminisce about their days as school girls and she is very interested when she hears he news that Torvald is going to be the manager of a bank, hoping that he will give her a position there. Nora is secretive and hides her thoughts and actions from her husband even when there is no real benefit in doing so. Deception appears to be almost a habit for her, as she hides the fact that she is eating macaroons, which Torvald has forbidden her to do. Nora’s biggest secret, that she has borrowed money, in the name of love, is the hardest to keep hidden. In contrast, Mrs. Linde meets with...

Footnotes in Financial Statements Research Paper

Footnotes in Financial Statements - Research Paper Example The last section of the financial statements consists of the footnotes and consists of information such as the policies and methodologies used in the preparation of the financial statement. In the simplest sense, the information in the footnotes is an extension of financial statement. It contains quality information that might be useful in understanding the financial position of the company. The footnotes can be divided into two section based on the content in it. One is about the accounting methodologies that are used in the preparation of the report. Second is the detailed explanation of the financial and operational reports. The information about the accounting policies of a company is identified and elaborately explained in the first section. There are numerous parts to this section that addresses different aspects such as inventory, revenue, etc. The policies with respect to these different aspects are discussed in this section. The determination of value of these different aspects is also discussed in this section(Tracy, 2009). There are numerous aspects of a business that cannot be easily understood such as when a company books a sale or revenue determination process. The understanding of these processes is very important to understand the information provided in the report. The information about these processes, mainly the revenue section, is provided in the footnotes. The revenue recognition and revenue determination process is addressed in the footnotes of a financial report. Hence the understanding of such methodologies and policies is only possible with the help of the information in the footnotes. The information in the footnotes is very valuable from an investor’s perspective as it can provide valuable information about the financial structure of the company. Facts that cannot be easily grasped from the main report can be understood by analyzing the accounting methods used. The analysis and comparison of the accounting

Composite Role Rating Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Composite Role Rating - Essay Example Measurement tools viz., rating forms, observational checklists or questionnaires are used to obtain measures (numbers) that are valid and reliable (Arreola, 2007). In the hypothetical Impact Matrix (Appendix A) that I have prepared, I have used typical activities that university teachers engage in namely, Teaching, Scholarly Activity, and Service as the 3 major roles to evaluate faculty performance. Under ‘Teaching’, the role components identified are ‘instructional delivery’, ‘instructional design’, ‘content expertise’ and ‘course management.’ In my impact matrix, students, being the target entity, will be the sole judge for instructional delivery skills. This component is best evaluated through the following list of desirable attributes of faculty teaching performance whereby â€Å"the instructor creates an intellectually stimulating environment by : demonstrating interest and enthusiasm in the student learning proce ss; demonstrating effective communication skills: writing, speaking and listening; eliciting responsible student participation; †¦being available to students outside of class time to discuss course materials; †¦and returning student work in a timely manner† (Clarke University Faculty Evaluation Manual, 2008, pp 4-5). These are qualities in a teacher that are especially needed for effective guidance of students in their academic course work; therefore, I have assigned 35% as the source impact. With an arbitrary source rating of 4, the weighted rating works out to 1.4 (as shown in Appendix A). The ratings are based on a 5-point performance scale which is: 1 (Unacceptable); 2 (Satisfactory); 3 (Good); 4 (Very Good); and 5 (Excellent). For the instructional design component, students (source impact weight, 10%); peers (15%); self (10%) all contribute the data. The weighted rating from all these sources adds up to an arbitrary value of

Case study of Elextra-Quik

Case study of Elextra-Quik In Elextra-Quik, the manufacturing manager, Barbara was very happy about her job of problem-solving team leader and her team did a lot of efforts to contribute companys empowerment campaign. But when they were ready to implement the new ideas, they found not only the top manager Martin, but also the middle level managers resisted the ideas. Therefore, this case leads to questions-how a company change to be a learning organisation? What can Barbara do to continue her ideas in the company? In following part, this paper will answer these questions based on three questions. How might top management have done a better job changing Electra-Quik into a learning organisation? What might they do now to get the empowerment process back on the track? According to ECU study book (2011), learning organization is an organization in which everyone is engaged in identifying and solving problems. The characteristics of learning organization are creating shared vision, team-based structure, employee empowerment, share information, participative strategy, adaptive culture and so on. In order to build a learning organization, the whole levels of company staff need to contribute. Firstly, the top management plays the most important role for transfer organization into a learning organization. They need to do a better job on introducing the plans about changes carefully and deliberately. According to Samson Daft (2009) management is the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manger through planning, organizing, leading and controlling organizational resources. So the top management is the maker of companys strategy. They guide the direction of where should company go. When there is a change within organization, some problems can not be avoided, such as resistances from lower level staff. So top management does a good job on introducing change is necessary. They need to introduce the plan in detail to make staff and middle managers to better understand the plan. They can show the evaluation about the advantages and benefits of the change to employees. With that, the plan can be accepted by everyone in the company. In Electra-Quik, Mart in needs to keep enthusiastic all the time and support Barbaras ideas in order to make Barbaras plan can be accepted in the meeting. Secondly, in the process of building a learning organization, the middle level managers and employees also play an important role. Middle level managers are the links between top management and employees; they monitor the changes, collect the feedback of changes and report the effects of changes to the top. Employees conduct the changes and provide the feedback to tops. Generally speaking, in learning organizations, participative strategy emerges bottom up as well as top down. Top management shape the vision and direction, and middle managers and employees support and believe in. They are committed to the vision and contribute to the development of strategy (Samson Daft, 2009, p.59). In Electra-Quik, middle manager should evaluate Barbaras ideas even Martin is absent for meeting and transfer the ideas to their staffs. In order to get the empowerment process back on track, Martin needs to step first. He needs to understand Barbaras ideas again and do a personal appraisal. Then on the companys meeting, he should support Barbaras ideas and support her ideas when Barbara explaining the changes. Also he needs to consult with managers and empower employees to resolve the problem, as well as providing the training. With Martins efforts, the middle managers may change their ideas to support Barbara and conduct the changes in whole organization. Also, Martin can implement self-directed teams as the solution. Self-directed team refer to a multi-skilled cross-functional group of employees who share responsibilities for producing service of product (Rockfordconsulting, N, D). In Electra-Quik, Martin may set up some self-directed teams to conduct the empowerment process, and then they can share the responsibility to get the process back on track. Question 2: Can you think of ways Barbara Russell could have avoided the problems her team faced in the meeting with department heads? Middle management jobs have undergone dramatic changes over the last two decades (Samson Daft, 2009, p.24). Many organizations were expected to downsize their middle managers and slash management levels to become more efficient and facilitate decision-making process and to better adapt to the changing environment as well. The department heads are not favor of this empowerment campaign since they are used to managing the flow of information up and down the hierarchy. But todays middle managers should be responsible for the horizontal network for now most work is organized around teams. In addition, the trend in recent years has been towards wider span of control as a way to facilitate delegation (Samson Daft, 2009, p.37). Compared with tall structure, the flat structure has a wider span of control and is horizontally dispersed, which means it has less hierarchical levels and therefore the organization is able to better respond and adapt to change. Thats why the company initiates the empowerment campaign to let employees more involved in the decision-making process and assume more responsibility and enhance the collaboration. In such a structure, it is easier to build the self-directed teams since more authority and responsibility can be delegated to lower managers and employees. However, the department heads are likely to feel anxious and even threatened by new empowerment campaign. According to Samson Daft (2009, p.373), the attempt by the top management of the empowerment usually gets the deadlock because middle managers are unable to delegate. The possible reasons can be listed as following: They are accustomed to make familiar decisions; they feel they may lose personal status by delegating tasks; they believe they can do better job themselves and they are resistant to change because the performance of each department ultimately rests with them. For Barbara Russell, she needs to consult with each department head before the meeting so as to avoid the problems. There are a number of ways that Barbara could use to resolve the problems. The leading point is that the team must identify the problems first and give their suggestions. Therefore communication plays a significant part. She should talk with department heads to be aware of what issues they want to address and how they address them. After they get the information, they can provide their support in helping them to resolve the problems. For example, the team can come up with a reward plan to encourage each department to solve their own issues and allocate some funds to assist them. The members in manufacturing team cooperate with each other very well, but the final report they presented failed to meet the expectations of the department heads. However, Barbara Russell could have avoided the problems if the top management considered building a cross-functional team at the very beginning rather than just rely on her own manufacturing team. According to Graff et al (N, D), the diverse teams can be more innovative and can develop more precise strategies and have advantages over functional homogenous teams in introducing organizational changes. According to Parker (2003), the competitive advantages of setting up a cross-functional team can be listed as following ¼Ã… ¡they may accelerate the process of problem solving; solve complex problems; more closely to connect with customers and meet their needs; they can produce more innovative ideas; members are more able to share information and facilitate the cooperation among departments. But on the other hand, we cannot neglect the barriers in building such a team since it will increase conflict and competition within the organization with diverse team members. Therefore, the trust and open communication seems significant in a cross-functional team. Question 3: If you were Barbara Russell, what would you do now? Why? If I am Barbara Russell, I will improve own leading skills and make some changes based on six elements mentioned in Figure 1. Figure 1: The web of interacting elements in a learning organization Leadership Participative Strategy Team-based Structure Open Information Strong, adaptive culture Empowered employees Learning Organization Leadership(p534) In a learning organization, as a leader of team, Barbara should focus on using personal power and empowerment to manage the team, and try to be a democratic leader to influences and motive the employees. She should learn to share and explain the company vision, facilitate teamwork, initiate change and expand the capacity of people to shape the future. As a middle level manager, she should pay more attention to try to make the team member to understand the company objectives and goals, and be a bridge of communication between employee and top management. In a learning organization, Barbara also should be a transformational leader, who can create significant change in both followers and the organization (Samson Craft, cited in bass, 1995; Devanna Tichy, 1986; EastmanPawar, 1997). Leaders in a learning organization have three distinct roles: 1) Create a shared vision 2) Design the structure 3) practice servant leadership (Samson Craft, 2009). Barbara should work to fulfill employees n eeds and goals as well as to achieve the organizations larger mission. Communication In this case, the department heads complained that changes would destroy the carefully crafted job categories, and $500 refunds would create unethical behaviors, and industrial spy because of bad communication between top management and departments. Here, the communication means two-way communication including horizontal and vertical, exchange information between departments or team. Barbara should practice more active listening skills to interpret and feedback the information and give some suggestions or recommendations to help other departments to figure out the problems. Team work Self-directed teams are the fundamental unit in a learning organization (Samson Craft, 2009). Barbara has to her roll from a traditional manager to a coordinator or consultant to control with team members in stead of control over them. Meanwhile, Barbara should understand that the jobs and objectives are based on team-based structure instead of individual input and effort. Barbara should work with other departments and subordinates as a team. Empowerment Traditionally, managers take all responsibility for the whole departments. Now in a learning organization, all employees are authorized to participate the decision making while the leadership is changing to be transformational. Barbara should change her roll to adapt the changing situation and give all team members the power, freedom to make decision and perform effectively. Also Barbara should use more personnel power and empowerment to motivate employees. Participative strategy Learning organizations have permeable boundaries and often are linked with other organizations, give each organization greater access to information about new strategic needs and directions (Samson Craft, cited in McCune, 1997). Basically, participative strategy means organization sets up the link of the whole supplier chain to share the information internally and externally. With the globalization of business, information becomes more and more important. To some extent, successful companies depend on the most updated information like lasted technology. Barbara should share the information timely and participate the whole link to get the most updated information to achieve the company goals. Culture In this case, one of important purposes of hiring new CEO is to rebuild the company culture. Top management realized the previous culture focused on hierarchy and centralization, which did not adapt the change of environment and became an obstacle to develop the company. As a leader of manufacturing, Barbara should learn and help to build the strong, adaptive culture within the manufactory, and influence other departments as well. In conclusion, Barbara should change the leadership style into democratic and transformational leader, and self-improvement of leading skills in order to adapt the learning organization culture. She has to change her roll in new culture as well, and try to be a consultant, servant and helper within the team, and improve the skills of communication to share the information in time internally and externally. Finally, the company can be successful to transfer from the traditional organization to the learning one. Conclusion Overall, learning organization is very important for todays companies. In learning organizations, all the people are committed to a vision, learn and share information. With that, the whole company will be more efficient and effective. In Electra-Quik, the paper also provide solutions for top management and Barbara to solve the problem when they conducting the changes and empowerment process.

Biotech Dawn :: Biotechnology Science Essays

Biotech Dawn Ebrahim Oomerjee English 1C Prof. Cross 14 May 2002 Biotech Dawn Long time ago, from the great plains of Africa rose a new form of life. They were apes, walking upright. There was something strange about them. They had something no other living being had ever had before. They possessed unlimited intelligence. In a short period of time the apes would change the world forever. Humans have come along way from the caves. At first mankind the only thing mankind knew about life was giving it and taking it away. But as the years passed and technology became more advanced, mankind could now experiment with the very basics of life itself. Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) which is the programming code for the body, can now be altered or changed and substituted. This has opened the door to many different possibilities that would have been thought impossible a generation ago. But the path to genetic alteration has not gone unbarred. Many people fearing and distrusting science have tried to resist the march of scientists. From afar, Genetic engineering promises tantalizing results. Humans could now rid the world of certain genetic disorders, Disorders such as Down syndrome and Kliefelter Syndrome would be a thing of the past. Technology was coming to a point where individual DNA codes could be cut away. Restrictive enzymes are so specific that they could be used to cut away any defective code of the DNA with out harming the normal code. There is even the possibility that individual organ could be manufactured in the laboratory. This would be a great success. The fact that many people who die daily waiting for organ transplants would become obsolete. Stem-cell research might in fact make that vision a reality. Scientists have already been able to clone many different types of animals, ranging from cows to squirrels. Science already has accomplished much in the Biological Technology (Biotech) field. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) have made a vast impact in the agricultural industry. Scientists have been able to engineer many different types of crops. If a particular farmer lived in an arid region, he could opt for corn that had been engineered to become drought resistant. Or if another lived in an area where there were many weeds, he could obtain the RoundUp Ready Corn, manufactured by Mosanto. The particular corn can be used with Monsantos herbicide, RoundUp with out harming the corn.

Psy250 Biological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality

Biological and Humanistic Approaches to Personality The stages of human development are influenced by biological and humanistic theories. Maslow's hierarchy of needs stresses the need for and individual to discover their own personality and gain self-control in their personal life. Abraham Maslow had a theory that an individual will desire more in life once they have accomplished the basic needs in life. Humanistic features of personality focus on freedom and self-fulfillment. Unlike Maslow, Hans Eysenck and other theorist proclaimed that personality comes from a biological approach that an individual’s behavior is influenced by genetics.The following will consist of a description of how Maslow’s hierarchy of needs influence personality formations, biological factors that influence the formation of personality, the examination of the relationship of biological factors by Maslow’s theory of personality, along with basic aspects of humanistic theories incompatible with biological descriptions of personality. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory of human motivation based on biological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and self- actualization.Personality is influenced by ideas that create a foundation of an individual's life relations and peak experiences. An individual's experiences assist an individual to transform and discover the inner self. Peak experiences are familiar to individuals whom have matured and discovered their full potential. Maslow believed that individuals strive for self-actualization once they have satisfied their more basic needs. Maslow also characterized self-actualization as being the most superior out of all hierarchy needs.Each of Maslow's hierarchy of needs define the patterns of human motivations for an individual to survive. Each stage also defines the personality growth in humans as well as in animals. The simplest level of needs must mature before the individual will be motivated to achieve higher need s. Biological needs are the simplest and main requirements for human survival such as water, food, air, and shelter. Maslow's hierarchy of human needs is categorized in two groups D-motives and B-motives (Friedman & Schustack,  2012, pg304). Biological needs are the needs of the body that uphold homeostasis.Food, water, and air are requirements for individuals to survive and produce a steady foundation for growth. Safety needs are crucial in protecting self for growth. Individuals who are smart, tough, fast, consistent, and organized have recognized a defense of security for survival. Challenges associated with the external urges influence defense mechanisms such as repression, denial, displacement, reaction formation, regression, sublimation, projection, and rationalization. Each defense mechanism allows people to protect their ego.Therefore allowing them to avoid posttraumatic stress and continue to strive toward self-actualization. Love and belongingness reflects off safety. Hu mans need to feel a sense of belongingness and love. If love comes from a social group, religious group, classmates, coworkers, family members, and friends, individuals need to love and be loved by others. Without the features of love an individual may become an object to social anxiety and depression. The need for belonging can overcome the biological and security needs, depending on the power of peer pressure from other individuals.Humans have a self-esteem influenced by self-respect. Esteem shows importance and appreciation, which influences the accomplishments of receiving a great education, career, friends, and respect. Individuals with low esteem require respect and attention from others but on the other hand high esteem requires self-respect along with self-confidence. The maximum developed need detects to be at peace with oneself. Self-actualized individuals are independent, choose privacy, love, freedom, and avoid social stress (Friedman & Schustack,  2012 pg305).Biologic al factors such as chromosomes, hormones, and the brain all have a main influence on human behavior. Biological factors that influence personality can involve genetics, disease, drugs, and medical disorders. Personality can be affected by many factors. Psychologist considers personality traits as sensors inside the brain, controlling a limit of behaviors and attitudes (Nettle, 2008). Sensor settings characterize where an individual stands on a measurement for each personality trait.The Big Five traits characterize the strength of certain type of psychological reaction, which depends on certain neurobiological mechanism in the brain (Nettle, 2008). Genetics considers being an influence to personality. Genetics are the primary involvement of personality. Genes affect how an individual's body and brain matures and functions. Individuals who may suffer from loss of genes on a specific chromosome contribute to disorders that genetic factors strongly influence personality (Friedman, Schus tack 2012 pg147). Personality can be affected by disease in which traits may onnect with how individuals handle situations and the emotional results that situations at hand create. It is believed that genetics influence the simplest characteristics. Hormones and brain structure influence behavior but neither has an effect on personality traits. Genes do not have control over personality traits but on the other hand genes influences behavior. The nervous system contributes to notification of the surrounding and dangers of the environment but also emphasizes the notion of importance of appropriate behavior.Biological theories have a stronger impact on personality than humanistic theories may have. Health issues such as mental illness, cancer, high blood pressure, and depression also can have an effect on an individual's personality. The medications that are prescribed to an individual to treat health issues may also have an impact on the personality. Illegal drugs and the abuse of alc ohol can contribute to the changes of personalities that have been established but triggered by chemicals within the drugs and alcohol.The nervous system and the growth of the brain both contributes to biological factors that are influenced by the environment an individual places themselves in and not only by genes. Humanistic approach attempts to stress an individual’s inner personality and spirit. Humanistic approach also stresses the viewpoint of being human. In addition, the humanistic approach also proclaims that individuals focus on the ability of other human beings having an effect on their personality.According to (Friedman & Schustack,  2012 pg291) attending small groups such as human potential movements, which started in the over fifty years ago, with other individuals whom have established all their hierarchy needs in life may influence an individual to become more creative and establish a level of self-fulfillment. In the humanistic approach, the theory is an ef fort that stresses the values and an individual's self-worth. Life matures while individuals plan their lives and take actions for their responsibility.Each individual must learn to have self-control and perform discipline to obtain a healthy lifestyle. Obtaining a healthy lifestyle will contribute to an individual discovering their inner potential. Humanistic believes that spiritual growth and awareness grounds personality in the full appreciation of the everyday world (Friedman & Schustack,  2012 pg303). Humanistic theorists focus on each individual’s personality, appreciation of naturalness, and the value of life (Friedman & Schustack,  2012 pg304). Humanistic theories follow the belief that every individual has their life and is in control of their own free will.Humanistic approach also influences an individual's feelings rather than thought process. Biological theories follow the belief that genetics influence the control of personality. The basic concepts of humanis tic and biological theories are different similarities. Healthy people must take responsibility for themselves, regardless of the actions and therefore, negative actions do not contradict the value of the person. Biological theories focus on thought or reason rather than feelings for self-worth and value. Biological theorists believe that genetics have an influence on an individual's personality.This secondary affect controls how a person develops into adulthood. Biological standpoints also teach that intelligence and genes determine a person’s personality. For example, twins who have similar traits or personalities share the same genetic traits. Genetics can also have an effect on how an individual copes with their personality. A child's childhood environment plays an extremely high influence on the outcome of an individual's personality as well. Therefore, biologic theorists believe that personality traits are genetic therefore, unavoidable.Some theorists believe that a com bination of psychotherapy and drug therapy could correct poor personality traits, leading to a productive life. Humanistic therapists believe that a productive life is an accomplishment of completing each stage of Maslow's hierarchy of needs life. Poor personality traits are learned not inherited but can be changed if willing. References Friedman, H. S. & Schustack, M. W. (2012). Personality: Classic theories and modern research (5th ed. ). Boston: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon. Nettle, D. (2008). Embrace your personality New Scientist, 197(2642), 36-39.

Linguistic and Narrative Cohesion in An Occurrence at Owl...

Linguistic and Narrative Cohesion in An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge The readers bewilderment at the end of Ambrose Bierces An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge is less a result of Peyton Farquhars death than the timely coordination of this mans violent execution with the readers sudden realization that instead of a detached objective reading he has been cajoled into a subjective experience (Ames 53). The reader is able to cross over into the consciousness of the protagonist at the moment when experience ends because of the storys cohesion and coherence. A focused examination of specific passages and themes in each of the storys sections demonstrates how Bierce satisfies the expectations of the reader and provides a†¦show more content†¦Because the readers linguistic and thematic expectations are being met, the desire to make the dream a reality is strong and the reader becomes so immersed in the story that he forgets that content is a function of technique. As a consequence, the account in the third segment seems reasonable, even though it is p resented by an unreliable narrator. The reader is conditioned from the start as the narrator offers concrete, matter-of-fact details that are logically constructed yet do not record connected actions. These sentences contain known-new contracts that build the readers perception of the setting and interest in the antecedent action: A man stood upon a railroad bridge in northern Alabama, looking down into the swift water twenty feet below. The mans hands were behind his back, the wrists bound with a cord. A rope closely encircled his neck. It was attached to a stout cross-timber above his head and the slack fell to the level of his knees (Charters, Introduction 74). In the first sentence the reader is made acquainted to a man standing on a bridge looking down at the water below him. This subject is related to the subject of the second sentence, The mans hands, which is in a known-new contract with the predicate were behind his back. A parallel structure within the